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The Role of Astronauts in a National Context: Exploration, Inspiration, and Innovation

Astronauts, often considered heroes of modern exploration, have played crucial roles in symbolizing and advancing the goals of their respective nations. These roles can be divided into several key areas: symbols of national achievement, catalysts for scientific and technological development, inspirations for future generations, and diplomats fostering international cooperation.

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Satellites FAQ

This resource provides answers to commonly asked questions regarding satellites, their functionalities, and their significance across various industries.

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Declassification of the Manned Orbital Laboratory: An Analysis of Materials Released by the NRO

The Manned Orbital Laboratory (MOL) was a major initiative by the U.S. Air Force in partnership with the National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) during the 1960s. MOL was a secretive yet highly significant chapter in the annals of space exploration history. Despite its cancellation in 1969, the MOL program has remained a subject of intrigue for researchers and historians due to its classified nature. Over the years, the NRO has declassified a considerable amount of information about the MOL, providing an intriguing look into the Cold War era’s covert space operations.

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Redefining Space Missions: The Disaggregation of Satellite Functionalities

In the realm of space technology, a significant shift is underway: the disaggregation of satellite functionalities. This approach deconstructs traditional satellite capabilities into smaller, specialized units. It marks a departure from the ‘one satellite, many functions’ principle towards a model where multiple smaller satellites, each dedicated to a specific function, collaborate to accomplish a common mission.

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Extending Satellite Lifespans: Technological Advancements and Their Implications for the Space Economy

In the rapidly evolving landscape of space exploration and satellite technology, one of the most significant advancements lies in increasing the lifespan of satellites. This enhancement, resulting from numerous technological breakthroughs, carries numerous implications, including economic efficiency, environmental impact, and geopolitical ramifications. This article reviews the consequences and the technologies driving these transformative changes.

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VLEO Innovator: Earth Observant Inc.

EOI (Earth Observant Inc.) Space plans to launch a VLEO (Very Low Earth Orbiting) constellation of “ultra high” resolution imaging satellites for both government and commercial use, known as Stingray. By operating in VLEO, the Stingray satellites will be closer to Earth than most other satellites, and will be capable of delivering the highest resolution imagery.

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The VentureStar Project: NASA’s Abandoned Hope for Reusable Spacecraft

The VentureStar project was one of NASA’s most ambitious programs aimed at creating a single-stage-to-orbit (SSTO) reusable spacecraft. Conceptualized in the mid-1990s, the VentureStar was intended to replace the aging Space Shuttle fleet, promoting cost-efficiency, safety, and frequent access to space. However, despite its innovative vision, VentureStar never made it past the prototype stage due to technical challenges and budget constraints.

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Planning Crewed Missions to Mars: Understanding the Effects of Long-Term Space Flight on the Human Body

The environment of space is remarkably different from that of Earth. It exposes astronauts to conditions of microgravity, increased radiation, isolation, and confinement, all of which can potentially affect the physical and psychological well-being of space travelers. This article reviews the physiological and psychological effects that long-term space flight can have on the human body.

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A Comprehensive Guide to Threats to Humanity’s Survival on Earth, and the Case for Going Multiplanetary

Human survival on Earth is threatened by numerous potential scenarios. Some of these threats are natural occurrences, while others are caused by human activities. These existential risks range from the immediate and concrete to the distant and speculative. Regardless of their nature or likelihood, understanding these threats can help us prepare and, ideally, prevent their most devastating outcomes.

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Single-Stage-to-Orbit (SSTO): Pioneering the Future of Space Exploration

Ever since the advent of space exploration, human beings have employed similar types of vehicles to journey beyond the confines of our planet. The concept of Single-Stage-To-Orbit (SSTO) vehicles represents a significant shift in our approach to space travel. This fascinating technology has the potential to revolutionize space exploration by offering a more cost-effective and efficient means of reaching orbit.

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The Seager Equation: A New Perspective on the Search for Extraterrestrial Life

As our technological capabilities grow and our knowledge of the universe expands, our perspective on the search for extraterrestrial life continues to evolve. Over the years, various hypotheses, equations, and concepts have been proposed to address this cosmic question. The Seager Equation, developed by astrophysicist and planetary scientist Professor Sara Seager, offers a fresh approach to our search for life beyond Earth.

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The Rare Earth Equation: An Exploration of the Exceptionality of Life on Earth

The search for extraterrestrial life has long captivated our collective imaginations. In attempting to understand our chances of encountering alien civilizations, various concepts and equations have been proposed. Among these, the Drake Equation is probably the most famous, providing a statistical framework for estimating the number of civilizations in our galaxy with which we might communicate. However, another perspective challenges this optimistic outlook, positing that Earth might be a significant rarity in the cosmos. This viewpoint is encapsulated in what is known as the Rare Earth Equation.

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CubeSat Design Basics: Small Satellites with Big Potential

In an era of increasing access to space and rapid technological advancement, one of the most influential developments in space exploration is the rise of CubeSats. These tiny satellites, often no larger than a loaf of bread, are making space exploration cheaper, faster, and more accessible than ever before. However, the small size of CubeSats presents unique challenges in terms of design. This article reviews the fundamental principles of CubeSat design.

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Forecast Methodologies Relevant to the Space Economy – A Quick Overview

The space economy, encompassing sectors from satellite telecommunications to space tourism, is a burgeoning field with immense potential. However, estimating its growth and understanding its dynamics present unique challenges. A variety of economic estimating methodologies can help navigate these challenges, each with its own strengths, weaknesses, and applications in the space economy.

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Understanding Space Economy Market Size Estimates

The space economy, often seen as the next frontier for economic growth, is estimated to be growing at an impressive rate. However, how accurate are these estimates? Estimating the space economy’s past size, and estimating its future size and growth comes with unique challenges. This article explores these challenges, the methods for calculating the space economy, the criticisms of these calculations, and the considerations needed when interpreting space economy estimates.

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The Kardashev Scale: A Cosmic Measure of Civilizational Progress

In our quest to understand our position in the cosmos and to speculate about the potential existence of extraterrestrial life, one tool stands out as both a gauge and a roadmap: the Kardashev Scale. This scale, proposed by the Russian astrophysicist Nikolai Kardashev in 1964, offers a theoretical framework to measure the technological advancement of a civilization based on energy consumption.

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Space Economy Executive Briefing: 30 Frequently Asked Questions and Answers

The space economy is a growing sector that encompasses the commercial and economic activities related to outer space. As interest in space-based industries continues to rise, many questions have emerged about the various aspects of the space economy, from technological advancements and commercial applications to legal, ethical, and security concerns. This article provides answers to 30 frequently asked questions about the space economy.

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Understanding Mars Missions: The Role of the Hohmann Transfer

The exploration of the universe beyond our home planet has been made possible due to a myriad of scientific advancements and discoveries, one of which is the Hohmann transfer orbit. The Hohmann transfer orbit is an efficient means of moving a spacecraft between two different orbits around a celestial body. This method is particularly significant in planning missions to Mars, our neighboring planet.

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Exoplanets: The Next Frontier in Space Exploration

Exoplanets, or extrasolar planets, are planets that orbit stars outside of our solar system. These celestial objects were, until recently, the stuff of science fiction. The idea that other star systems could host planets similar to ours—or dramatically different—stirred both scientific and popular imagination. However, it wasn’t until the 20th century that scientists confirmed their existence, forever changing our understanding of the universe.

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Pros and Cons of Space Economy Businesses Filing Patents

The new frontier of space has become increasingly viable and attractive for business ventures, leading to a proliferation of space economy businesses. One key aspect these enterprises grapple with is the issue of intellectual property, specifically, whether or not to file patents for their innovations. This question is fraught with unique challenges, and the answer can influence the success or failure of the venture. This article reviews the pros and cons of space economy businesses filing patents.

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Public-Private Partnerships: A Catalyst for the Space Economy

The space economy has seen steady growth in recent years, thanks to an evolving landscape of stakeholders and a multitude of innovative projects. Public-private partnerships (PPPs) have emerged as a key driver in this growth, allowing for increased collaboration, resource sharing, and technological advancement. This article will explore the role of PPPs in the space economy, discussing the benefits, challenges, and potential future developments.

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The Skylab Program: Pioneering NASA’s Human Spaceflight

The Skylab Program, announced by NASA in 1970, marked a significant chapter in the history of human spaceflight. It was America’s first experimental space station, designed for humans to live and work in for extended periods. The program’s ambitious scope aimed to expand our understanding of life in space; and ultimately ended up establishing the foundation for future international space stations.

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Biomining: Harnessing Microbes for Resource Extraction in the Space Economy

Biomining is an approach that employs biological organisms, primarily bacteria, to extract valuable metals from ores and other solid materials. This biotechnology offers an eco-friendly alternative to traditional mining methods that often involve harmful chemicals. In the context of the emerging space economy, biomining could revolutionize the way we obtain resources beyond Earth’s atmosphere, potentially turning asteroids, the Moon, and other celestial bodies into valuable mines.

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Space Economy: Navigating the Balance Between International Cooperation and Competition

The space economy has witnessed steady growth in recent years, driven by advances in technology, increased investment, and the commercialization of space activities. As nations and private entities continue to explore the potential of space, international cooperation and competition have become defining aspects of this new frontier. This article examines how the space economy is affected by international cooperation and competition, as well as the challenges and opportunities presented by this dynamic relationship.

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Messaging to Extraterrestrial Intelligence (METI): An Objective Analysis of Pros and Cons

Messaging to Extraterrestrial Intelligence (METI), also known as Active Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI), is an approach that involves broadcasting intentional signals into space in the hope that an alien civilization might detect and respond to them. This strategy differs from passive SETI, which focuses on listening for signals rather than transmitting them. While the potential benefits of METI are profound, so too are the potential risks. This article provides an objective review of its pros and cons.

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Time in Space: A Review of Typical Milestones and NET/NLT Designations in Space Projects

Timing is paramount, particularly in the sphere of space exploration. Each mission can be likened to a complex puzzle, requiring each piece to slot perfectly into place for the broader picture to emerge. To ensure all parts align just right, there are two significant types of checkpoints used: ‘No Earlier Than’ (NET) and ‘No Later Than’ (NLT). These terms effectively bracket the ‘earliest’ and ‘latest’ dates for task completion. This article reviews these critical markers relative to their importance in maintaining the timely progression of space missions and ensuring the successful attainment of their objectives.

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US Space Force Programs: Space Prime

The first Space Prime effort, Orbital Prime will invigorate the OSAM market using Active Debris Remediation (ADR) as a use case for the foundational technologies. As congestion and debris threaten the long-term sustainability of the space domain, Orbital Prime will transition agile, affordable, and accelerated OSAM space capabilities to build the foundation for space logistics while preserving the global commons. On-orbit capability will be demonstrated on an accelerated timeline in two to four years.

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“Selling Shovels in a Gold Rush”: Its Relevance to the Space Economy

“Selling shovels in a gold rush” in the context of the burgeoning space economy offers a unique lens to understand the potential opportunities and challenges that lie ahead in the cosmic frontier. These “shovel sellers” have a pivotal role to play in shaping and supporting the expansion of humanity’s reach beyond Earth. The gold rush might be in space, but the real fortune may lie with those selling the shovels.

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Impossible Is Just a Word: The Relevance of Classic Sayings to the Space Economy

The space economy is a realm where classic sayings about the impossible become particularly relevant. With its vast complexities and unknowns, the journey to space is a quintessential example of humanity’s quest to overcome seemingly impossible odds. This article explores how a few of these sayings apply to the space economy.

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Orbital Satellites and Their Use of GPS

Global Positioning System, or GPS, has evolved from a simple navigation system into a sophisticated tool with numerous applications in various sectors. One intriguing area where GPS is making a significant impact is the operation of orbital satellites. Despite the common misconception that satellites simply “provide” GPS, many satellites, especially those in low Earth orbit, also utilize GPS signals for their functionality.

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The New Space Race: Counterspace Capabilities and Satellite Defense

Satellite counterspace capabilities have become increasingly important in the modern world, as space has become an integral part of various sectors, such as communication, navigation, military, and scientific research. With nations vying for dominance in the space domain, this article provides an overview of the various counterspace capabilities and reviews satellite counterspace defensive options.

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Report: Technology Assessment Large Constellations of Satellites (GAO 2022)

This report: (1) describes the potential effects from projected increases in large constellations of satellites, (2) assesses the current or emerging technologies and approaches to evaluate and mitigate these effects, along with challenges to developing or implementing these technologies and approaches, and (3) identifies policy options that might help address the challenges as well as the opportunities and considerations that accompany these options.

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The Fusion of Entertainment and the Space Economy

The entertainment industry within the space economy is a multifaceted sector that merges technology, innovation, and creative storytelling to deliver entertaining content related to space activities and exploration. It is an emerging market segment, providing audiences worldwide with an array of experiences and knowledge about the universe beyond our planet. This article explores several key aspects of the space economy’s impact on the entertainment industry.

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First Feature Film Shot in Space Has Been Released: “The Challenge”

The first feature film shot in space was the Russian movie titled “Challenge”. In October 2021, Russian actress Yulia Peresild and director Klim Shipenko traveled to the ISS to shoot scenes for the movie. The plot of “Challenge” involves a surgeon (played by Peresild) who has to operate on a sick cosmonaut in space because the cosmonaut’s medical condition prevents him from returning to Earth to be treated. The movie was released in April 2023.

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An Exploration of Space Policy: From Concept to Implementation

The making of space policy is a complex, multifaceted process, influenced by a range of factors from scientific and technological advancements to geopolitical considerations. It involves a number of key stakeholders including governmental bodies, research organizations, private industry, and often, the general public. This article explores the stages and actors involved in shaping space policy, illustrating how these diverse elements intersect and influence each other.

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The US Air Force Manned Orbital Laboratory: A Legacy of Innovation

The Manned Orbital Laboratory (MOL), an ambitious project by the U.S. Air Force, remains an important footnote in the history of human space exploration. This program, which ran from 1963 to 1969, aimed to develop a manned space station with a dual purpose: scientific research and military reconnaissance. Although the MOL never reached operational status, its advances and the human capital it developed made significant contributions to America’s subsequent space endeavors.

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Stellar Sustainability: How The Space Economy Supports Global Net Zero Efforts

Net Zero refers to the balance between the amount of greenhouse gas emissions produced and the amount of emissions removed from the atmosphere. To achieve net zero, a country, business, or individual needs to either reduce their greenhouse gas emissions to a minimum or offset them by removing an equivalent amount of emissions from the atmosphere through activities such as reforestation, carbon capture and storage, or other technologies.

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Space Technology: A Catalyst for Smart Urban Planning

As the world’s urban population continues to grow, innovative solutions are required to tackle the complex challenges of urban planning. One such innovative approach involves the use of space technology. From satellite imagery to global positioning systems (GPS), space technology is being increasingly leveraged to improve urban planning and design, fostering more sustainable and livable cities. This article explores how space technology is aiding urban planning and the potential it holds for the future.

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The Value of Minimum Value Proposition Products in the Space Economy

The space economy has long been a subject of fascination and a breeding ground for innovation. Entrepreneurs are constantly seeking new ways to carve out their niche in this ever-evolving market. One of the most critical aspects of launching a successful venture in the space economy is the development of a Minimum Value Proposition (MVP) product. This article reviews the concept of MVPs in the context of space entrepreneurship.

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The Evolving Landscape of Defense: Responsive Space and its Significance

Responsive Space as a concept is fundamentally driven by defense organizations. Defense organizations are increasingly dependent upon space-based systems for operations. These organizations need the ability to: be able to augment capacity on demand based on tactical requirements; and rapidly replace disabled space-based systems to restore capability. The capability which addresses that need is generally referred to as Responsive Space.

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The Role of Media in Shaping the Future of the Space Economy

The space economy, once a realm of speculative fiction, has evolved into a tangible reality in the 21st century. As the barriers to space exploration and exploitation diminish, the potential for a thriving space economy emerges. This evolution is attributed to a variety of factors, including advancements in technology, investments by private sector entities, and the increasing support of governmental agencies worldwide. However, there is another significant driver of this transformation that is often overlooked: the media.

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Google Trends: Unveiling the Patterns of Competition in the Space Economy

Google Trends is a powerful tool that can provide valuable insights into search behavior and help with competitive analysis. By analyzing search trends, you can gain a better understanding of your competitors’ performance, audience interests, and potential growth opportunities. This article reviews some ways to use Google Trends for competitive analysis.

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Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generators: Powering Space Exploration

Space exploration and subsequent economic activities have always been deeply intertwined with technological advancements. Of these, power generation technology has been a cornerstone. One such technology that has long been a reliable workhorse in space exploration is the Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator (RTG). RTGs have been instrumental in powering some of the most ambitious space missions and continue to be relevant in the burgeoning space economy. This article discusses the functioning of RTGs, their use in space missions, and their relevance to the space economy.

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Exploring the Space Economy Through the Lens of the Business Environment Canvas

A Business Environment Canvas is a visual framework or tool used by entrepreneurs and business professionals to understand, analyze, and map the various internal and external factors that can influence the success of a business. The canvas helps to identify opportunities and risks, as well as develop strategies to address them.

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The Green Cloud: How Microsoft’s Planetary Computer Aims to Save the Planet

Microsoft’s Planetary Computer is an ambitious project aimed at providing environmental data, tools, and analytics to help organizations and individuals make more informed decisions about the planet’s resources and ecosystems. Launched in 2020, the initiative is part of Microsoft’s broader commitment to sustainability, which also includes a pledge to become carbon negative by 2030.

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HOW TO STAY AHEAD IN THE SPACE RACE?

Subscribe to our weekly New Space Economy Briefing! Our complimentary briefing is your gateway to staying informed on the emerging markets, cutting-edge technologies, and key trends shaping the future of space commerce. Get thoughtful, practical and relevant insights delivered straight to your inbox and stay ahead in the Space Race.

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What is Digital Twinning and its Relevance to the Space Economy?

Digital twin (also known as digital replica) technology is a concept that involves creating a virtual representation or digital counterpart of a physical object, process, or system. This digital model simulates the real-world entity, allowing for data analysis, monitoring, optimization, and predictive capabilities. This technology has gained significant traction in numerous industries, including manufacturing, healthcare, aerospace, automotive, and infrastructure.

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Understanding Satellite Products: Images, Analytics, and Information Products

As satellite technology continues to advance, businesses and organizations are leveraging satellite data for various purposes, from monitoring climate change to enhancing communication networks. Within the Earth observation industry, there are three primary categories of satellite data products: images, analytics, and information products. This article explains the distinctions between the three primary categories.

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Report: Demand Drivers of the Lunar Cislunar Economy (IDA 2020)

To ascertain whether private sector demand could support commercial lunar activities, NASA requested that the IDA Science and Technology Policy Institute (STPI) examine the present contours and future scale of demand drivers of lunar and cislunar activities through 2040, with a focus on non-NASA commercial demand. This report summarizes STPI’s assessment of demand from civil and commercial sources for lunar and cislunar activities, including the factors that drive that demand.

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Sky-High Entertainment: Exploring Satellite Radio

Satellite radio is a digital broadcasting service that uses satellites orbiting the Earth to transmit radio signals to receivers on the ground. It offers superior sound quality and wider coverage than traditional AM/FM radio, which relies on terrestrial radio transmitters. Satellite radio has become a popular choice for people who want access to a diverse range of programming, including music, news, talk shows, sports, and more.

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Report: Investigating UK Public Sector Demand for Earth Observation Technology (SAC 2022)

The study identified 300 UK public sector organisations, of which 125 were current or potential users of EO data. Across these 125 organisations, 136 active use cases were captured, of which 62 were categorised as operational and 74 as exploratory. The 125 organisations identified have been classified according to their ‘maturity’ (experience or expertise) in EO data use. Challenges to adoption were identified and discussed.

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Report: Generation Space Index Q1 2023 (Seraphim Space)

In Q1, private investment in SpaceTech significantly rebounded, with total investment reaching $14bn, up 75% from $801m in 04 2022. This marks the highest number of deals in a single quarter, with 128 deals closed in Q1 and a total of 402 deals on a TTM (Trailing Twelve Months) basis. While early-stage deals remain dominant, Q1 saw a 120% increase in growth deals compared to the previous quarter, as many growth-stage companies returned to raise financing after delaying throughout 2022. European growth-stage companies thrived, securing five out of the top ten international round sizes. Europe played a key role in driving Q1’s rebound, emphasising the region’s growing prominence in the SpaceTech sector. All subsectors experienced a decrease in investments, except for Product, which saw significant investments in climate-focused products leveraging space data.

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Report: Space Investment Quarterly Q1 2023 (Space Capital 2023)

The venture market continued its reset in 01’23 driven by a challenging market and rate environment. Broadly, across tech, venture funding to startups fell by more than 50% YoY to $76B globally and $37B in the U.S., the lowest in 13 quarters. This directly affects investment in the Space Economy given that VCs continue to be the primary source of capital for space companies with $1.3B invested across 68 rounds in Q1, accounting for 60% of total investment and 76% of total rounds.

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The Debate Over Space as a Global Commons

The concept of outer space as a global commons refers to the idea that outer space should be shared by all nations and used for the collective benefit of humanity. While the 1967 Outer Space Treaty sets the foundation for considering outer space as a global commons, there are complexities and challenges that come with managing and governing this vast domain.

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Company Profile: Spaceflight, Inc.

Spaceflight Inc is a private company that focuses on small satellite launch services, acting as both a launch broker and a payload integrator. Founded in 2010 by Jason Andrews, the company aims to lower the barriers to entry for organizations looking to access space by providing cost-effective and reliable launch opportunities. Spaceflight Inc has successfully launched numerous satellites and payloads for a wide range of customers, including private companies, government agencies, and research institutions.

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Company Profile: SiriusXM

Sirius XM Holdings Inc., commonly referred to as SiriusXM, is an American broadcasting company that primarily provides satellite radio and online radio services. Founded in 2008 as a result of the merger between Sirius Satellite Radio and XM Satellite Radio, SiriusXM is the largest satellite radio provider in the United States.

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What is a Satellite Transponder?

Satellite Transponders Satellite transponders are electronic devices that receive, amplify, and retransmit signals between a satellite and ground-based communication systems. They are an essential component of modern communication satellites, allowing for the transmission of various types of signals, including television and radio broadcasts, telephone services, and broadband internet access. Satellite transponders operate within a specific […]

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Report: Starship – Impact On The Satcom Industry (ISU 2022)

Starship, SpaceX’s latest reusable launch vehicle and the world’s most powerful rocket in development, is expected to cause a significant impact on the satellite telecommunications industry. Reductions in launch costs, higher payload masses to orbit, a larger payload fairing, and frequent launches are all factors that would individually disrupt the SatCom industry. Starship is redefining all four factors simultaneously.

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Company Profile: Exolaunch

Exolaunch is a leading player in the small satellite launch services market, offering launch brokerage, payload integration, and deployment solutions. With a strong track record of successful satellite launches and partnerships with leading international launch providers, Exolaunch has become a trusted partner for small satellite operators looking to access space reliably and cost-effectively.

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The New Space Age: Democratization and Its Impact on the Space Economy

The term “democratization of space” refers to the increasing accessibility and participation of a wider range of actors in space exploration and utilization. Historically, space activities were dominated by government-funded programs and a few major players, such as the United States, Russia, China, and later the European Space Agency. However, a lot has changed in recent years. This article reviews how these changes have advanced the democratization of space.

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The Art of Corporate Acquisition and the Space Economy: Motivations, Historical Trends, and Forecasts

Corporate acquisitions are a common business strategy used by organizations to expand their operations, enter new markets, or acquire new technologies. This article reviews the motivations behind acquisitions, past history of acquisitions in the space economy, and forecasts of potential future acquisitions.

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All The Myriad Ways a Space Economy Startup Can Fail: Space is Hard and So Are Startups

The space economy is a growing industry, with numerous startups emerging and disrupting traditional models with innovative solutions. However, the harsh reality is that many startups will fail within the first few years. There are several reasons why these companies struggle, including funding challenges, regulatory issues, technical difficulties, competition, and market demand. This article reviews the common reasons why startups fail and provides insights into how entrepreneurs can avoid these pitfalls and increase their chances of success.

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Report: Commercial Space Capabilities and Market Overview (RAND, 2022)

As the commercial space industry continues to grow in capability, capacity, and diversity, opportunities for the U.S. Space Force (USSF) and the U.S. Department of Defense to leverage commercial space capabilities are expanding. In this review of commercial space capabilities that could support the USSF’s future space architecture and innovation ecosystem, the authors characterize capabilities and trends in the commercial market through mid-2020.

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Report: Time to Designate Space Systems as Critical Infrastructure (CSC 2023)

The U.S. today is in a different kind of space race, one whose satellites and advanced support systems are critical not just to our military, but to everyday activities like air travel, cell phone use, and banking. These systems help support the backbone of the American economy and U.S. national security, which is why our nation’s adversaries continue to devise and test capabilities to destroy them. With the volume and sophistication of commercial space assets growing, policymakers should designate U.S. space systems as critical infrastructure and invest accordingly.

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Report: Global Counterspace Capabilities – An Open Source Assessment (SWF 2023)

This report compiles and assesses publicly available information on the counterspace capabilities being developed by multiple countries across five categories: direct-ascent, co-orbital, electronic warfare, directed energy, and cyber. It assesses the current and near-term future capabilities for each country, along with their potential military utility.

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Report: Assessing the Readiness for Human Commercial Spaceflight Safety Regulations (RAND, 2023)

At the request of Congress, RAND researchers assessed the progress that the commercial spaceflight industry has made in adopting voluntary safety standards, the industry’s progress in meeting key industry metrics set out by the Federal Aviation Administration in 2017, and whether the industry has reached a level of maturity such that certain areas identified in previous Federal Aviation Administration reports are ready for regulatory action.

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Economy, Sector, Industry, Business, Market, Ecosystem: Understanding the Interconnected World of Commerce

To better understand the space economy, it is important to be familiar with some key terms: economy, sector, industry, market, and ecosystem. These terms are often used interchangeably, but they have distinct meanings that are critical for grasping the intricacies of business. This article explores the definitions of these terms, their relationships, and their differences.

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National Preparedness Strategy and Action Plan for Near-Earth Object Hazards and Planetary Defense (2023)

This National Preparedness Strategy and Action Plan for Near-Earth Object Hazards and Planetary Defense (2023 Planetary Defense Strategy) updates the United States’ first comprehensive Near-Earth Object Preparedness Strategy and Action Plan, released in 2018. The 2023 Planetary Defense Strategy builds on existing efforts by Federal Departments and Agencies to address the hazard of NEO impacts, includes evaluation of where progress has been made since 2018, and focuses future work on planetary defense across the U.S. government.

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Launch Flight Safety Ranges – A Comprehensive Guide

Launch flight safety ranges, also referred to as launch ranges or simply flight safety ranges, are designated areas or zones around a launch site established to ensure the safety of personnel, equipment, and the general public during the launch of a rocket or a spacecraft. These safety ranges involve a set of protocols, procedures, and systems designed to minimize the risks associated with a launch.

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Global Space Situational Awareness Services Forecast to Reach $172.7 Million by 2032

Research and Markets published a new report in August 2022, “Space Situational Awareness Services Market – An Analysis of Debris Mitigation, Domain Awareness & Traffic Management Capabilities: Focus on End User, Orbit, Service, and Region – Analysis and Forecast, 2022-2032”. This article provides an overview of the report contents.

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Report: Large LEO Satellite Constellations: Will it be Different This Time? (McKinsey 2020)

This report indicates that companies planning large LEO satellite internet constellations still need to reduce arange of costs significantly to ensure long-term viability. Lowering launch costs is one part of the equation, but it will be equally or more critical to reduce the cost of manufacturing spacecraft, ground equipment, and user equipment. If suppliers and constellation providers can achieve these cuts, they could unlock enough demand for large LEO constellations to transform both the B2C and B2B communications markets.

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