Synopsis
Here is a summary of the key points from the report:
Overview
- The handbook provides guidance on small satellites, which are generally defined as satellites under 500 kg.
- It aims to promote international cooperation, rational use of spectrum and orbits, and help new entrants understand regulatory procedures.
- Small satellites can support traditional applications like communications and remote sensing, but also emerging uses like global internet access. They enable building satellite constellations and integrating with 5G/IoT.
- For new players, barriers to entry are lower given simpler design, flexible launch options, and modular configurations. Small satellites serve as a testbed for new space technologies and concepts.
- The handbook covers key technologies, regulations, best practices, applications, services, design, manufacture, launch, ground systems, and economic/regulatory considerations.
Key Technologies and Challenges
- Small satellite types include femto, pico, nano, micro, and mini. Cubesats are a common modular design.
- Technical challenges include stabilization, power, constellation management, launch/deployment, spectrum allocation, antennas, and tracking, telemetry and control.
- New small-scale launch vehicles tailored for smallsats are being developed. Additive manufacturing enables agile production.
- Design focuses on modularity and use of commercial off-the-shelf components. Testing and quality control are critical.
Applications and Services
- Remote sensing for Earth observation, weather, and more. Data collection from terrestrial sources.
- Communications including store-and-forward, data relay, internet access, 5G integration.
- Science and technology demonstration missions. Also education, amateur radio, and student experiments.
- Supporting exploration missions beyond Earth orbit. Can cooperate with large probes and manned missions.
Regulation, Economics, and Management
- Streamlined licensing of spectrum, orbits, and ground stations. National regulations vary.
- Lower costs but challenges remain in launch availability, ground infrastructure, and market access.
- End-of-life deorbit standards. Space traffic management and collision avoidance are concerns.
- On-orbit servicing, rendezvous and proximity operations raise additional considerations.
Conclusion
- The handbook will be continually updated as a resource for established and new players in the small satellite industry.
- It reflects extensive expertise and aims to advance development of small satellites globally.
