Japan’s SLIM lunar lander, short for Smart Lander for Investigating Moon, has recently made headlines with its historic landing on the lunar surface. However, the mission has faced some challenges, and its current status is a matter of concern. This article reviews the details of Japan’s SLIM lunar lander and its current situation.
Overview of the SLIM Lunar Lander: The SLIM lunar lander is a spacecraft developed by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). Its primary objective is to demonstrate the technology required for precise planetary landings. The mission aims to investigate the moon’s surface and gather valuable scientific data.
Successful Landing and Deployment of Rovers: On January 19, 2024, the SLIM lander successfully touched down on the lunar surface, specifically targeting the rim of the Shioli crater. This achievement made Japan the fifth country to achieve a soft landing on the moon. Alongside the lander, two small rovers called Lunar Excursion Vehicle 1 and 2 (LEV-1 and LEV-2) were deployed onto the lunar surface. These rovers are equipped with cameras and other scientific instruments to gather data about the moon’s composition.
Power Challenges and Shutdown: Despite the successful landing, the SLIM lander encountered power-related issues. Its solar cells were not generating power, possibly due to the lander’s attitude relative to the sun. As a result, the spacecraft had to rely on battery power. However, to prevent over-discharge, JAXA made the decision to disconnect the battery at 12% power, effectively shutting down the lander. This was done with the hope of preserving enough energy for a potential restart.
Possibility of Reactivation: Although the SLIM lander is currently powered down, there is still hope for its reactivation. The telemetry data, and photographs from the LEV, indicates that the lander’s solar cells are facing west, which means they are not receiving sunlight. However, as the sun’s position changes in the sky, there is a possibility that the lander could receive sunlight and generate power. JAXA is preparing for the recovery of the spacecraft in the event that it can be reawakened.
Extended Objectives and Science Data: If the SLIM lander can be reactivated, it will attempt to achieve its “extra” objectives, including extended operation and acquiring science data. One of its key instruments, the Multi-Band Camera (MBC), will analyze the composition near the Shioli crater by studying the spectra of sunlight reflected off the lunar surface. This data could provide valuable insights into the moon’s geological and mineralogical characteristics.
Future Lunar Missions: Looking ahead, Japan has planned further lunar landing missions for 2024. China is preparing for a lunar far side sample return mission, while U.S. firm Intuitive Machines is planning multiple landings. These missions will contribute to our understanding of the moon and pave the way for future exploration endeavors.
