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Space history on November 12
17 events
Venera-2 — launch
Category: Launches and Flight TestsType: Orbital launch
Mission: Venera-2
Venera 2, also known as 3MV-4 No.4 was a Soviet spacecraft intended to explore Venus.
- Jonathan McDowell — General Catalog of Artificial Space Objects (opens in a new tab) — Data from GCAT (J. McDowell, planet4589.org/space/gcat), CC BY 4.0. Adapted into anniversary records.
- Wikipedia — Venera 2 (opens in a new tab) — Adapted from Wikipedia contributors; selected sentences retained and edited for length, reference markers and pronunciation glosses. CC BY-SA 4.0: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ Article and edit history: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera_2
- Timeline of Space Exploration Missions 1957 to 2031 (opens in a new tab)
- NASA — Venera 2 (opens in a new tab)
- NASA NSSDCA — Venera 2 (opens in a new tab)
Kosmos-131 — launch
Category: Launches and Flight TestsType: Orbital launch
Mission: Kosmos-131
Voskhod 11A57 launched on the Kosmos-131 flight from 53-y Nauchno-Issledovatelskiy Ispitatelniy Poligon, pad LC41/1. Launch vehicle success.
- Jonathan McDowell — General Catalog of Artificial Space Objects (opens in a new tab) — Data from GCAT (J. McDowell, planet4589.org/space/gcat), CC BY 4.0. Adapted into anniversary records.
Kosmos-309 — launch
Category: Launches and Flight TestsType: Orbital launch
Mission: Kosmos-309
Voskhod 11A57 launched on the Kosmos-309 flight from 53-y Nauchno-Issledovatelskiy Ispitatelniy Poligon, pad LC41/1. Launch vehicle success.
- Jonathan McDowell — General Catalog of Artificial Space Objects (opens in a new tab) — Data from GCAT (J. McDowell, planet4589.org/space/gcat), CC BY 4.0. Adapted into anniversary records.
UN adopts resolution 3235 (XXIX)
Category: Programs, Policy, and GovernanceType: UN resolution or principles
International: UN General Assembly resolution 3235 (XXIX)
Registration Convention: General Assembly adoption.
- United Nations Audiovisual Library of International Law (opens in a new tab) — Factual summary based on United Nations Audiovisual Library of International Law. Original source retains its rights.
Kosmos-1221 — launch
Category: Launches and Flight TestsType: Orbital launch
Mission: Kosmos-1221
Soyuz-U launched on the Kosmos-1221 flight from 53-y Nauchno-Issledovatelskiy Ispitatelniy Poligon, pad LC41/1. Launch vehicle success.
- Jonathan McDowell — General Catalog of Artificial Space Objects (opens in a new tab) — Data from GCAT (J. McDowell, planet4589.org/space/gcat), CC BY 4.0. Adapted into anniversary records.
Voyager 1 encounters Saturn
Category: Mission Operations and MilestonesType: Flyby
Mission: Voyager 1
Voyager 1 made its closest approach to Saturn and studied its rings and moons.
- NASA — Voyager 1 (opens in a new tab) — Factual summary; source attribution retained.
OFT-2/OSTA-1 — launch
Category: Launches and Flight TestsType: Orbital launch
Mission: OFT-2/OSTA-1
Space Shuttle launched on the OFT-2/OSTA-1 flight from NASA John F. Kennedy Space Center, Florida, pad LC39A. Launch vehicle success.
- Jonathan McDowell — General Catalog of Artificial Space Objects (opens in a new tab) — Data from GCAT (J. McDowell, planet4589.org/space/gcat), CC BY 4.0. Adapted into anniversary records.
Kosmos-2165/2170 — launch
Category: Launches and Flight TestsType: Orbital launch
Mission: Kosmos-2165/2170
Tsiklon-3 launched on the Kosmos-2165/2170 flight from 53-y Nauchno-Issledovatelskiy Ispitatelniy Poligon, pad LC32/1. Launch vehicle success.
- Jonathan McDowell — General Catalog of Artificial Space Objects (opens in a new tab) — Data from GCAT (J. McDowell, planet4589.org/space/gcat), CC BY 4.0. Adapted into anniversary records.
Shuttle/Mir-2 — launch
Category: Launches and Flight TestsType: Orbital launch
Mission: Shuttle/Mir-2
Space Shuttle launched on the Shuttle/Mir-2 flight from NASA John F. Kennedy Space Center, Florida, pad LC39A. Launch vehicle success.
- Jonathan McDowell — General Catalog of Artificial Space Objects (opens in a new tab) — Data from GCAT (J. McDowell, planet4589.org/space/gcat), CC BY 4.0. Adapted into anniversary records.
Sirius 2/Cakrawarta — launch
Category: Launches and Flight TestsType: Orbital launch
Mission: Sirius 2/Cakrawarta
Ariane 44L (44L-3) launched on the Sirius 2/Cakrawarta flight from Centre Spatial Guyanais, Kourou, Guyane Francaise, pad ELA2. Launch vehicle success.
- Jonathan McDowell — General Catalog of Artificial Space Objects (opens in a new tab) — Data from GCAT (J. McDowell, planet4589.org/space/gcat), CC BY 4.0. Adapted into anniversary records.
SJ-11-01 — launch
Category: Launches and Flight TestsType: Orbital launch
Mission: SJ-11-01
Chang Zheng 2C (b) launched on the SJ-11-01 flight from Jiuquan Space Center, Nei Monggol Zizhiqu, China, pad LC603. Launch vehicle success.
- Jonathan McDowell — General Catalog of Artificial Space Objects (opens in a new tab) — Data from GCAT (J. McDowell, planet4589.org/space/gcat), CC BY 4.0. Adapted into anniversary records.
Poisk: ISS installation
Category: Mission Operations and MilestonesType: Station module addition
Station: International Space Station
Poisk installed on the ISS.
- NASA: ISS Assembly Elements (opens in a new tab) — Factual summary based on NASA: ISS Assembly Elements. Original source retains its rights.
Philae lands on comet 67P
Category: Mission Operations and MilestonesType: Landing
Mission: Philae
Rosetta’s Philae lander reached the comet’s surface.
- ESA Archives — Rosetta (opens in a new tab) — Factual summary; source attribution retained.
Tiantong-1 02 — launch
Category: Launches and Flight TestsType: Orbital launch
Mission: Tiantong-1 02
Chang Zheng 3B (G2) launched on the Tiantong-1 02 flight from Xichang Space Center (Songlin), Sichuan, China, pad LC2. Launch vehicle success.
- Jonathan McDowell — General Catalog of Artificial Space Objects (opens in a new tab) — Data from GCAT (J. McDowell, planet4589.org/space/gcat), CC BY 4.0. Adapted into anniversary records.
Tianzhou-5 — launch
Category: Launches and Flight TestsType: Orbital launch
Mission: Tianzhou-5
Chang Zheng 7 launched on the Tianzhou-5 flight from Wenchang Space Center, Hainan, pad LC201. Launch vehicle success.
- Jonathan McDowell — General Catalog of Artificial Space Objects (opens in a new tab) — Data from GCAT (J. McDowell, planet4589.org/space/gcat), CC BY 4.0. Adapted into anniversary records.
Galaxy 31/32 — launch
Category: Launches and Flight TestsType: Orbital launch
Mission: Galaxy 31/32
Falcon 9 (FT5) launched on the Galaxy 31/32 flight from Cape Canaveral Air Station, Florida, pad LC40. Launch vehicle success.
- Jonathan McDowell — General Catalog of Artificial Space Objects (opens in a new tab) — Data from GCAT (J. McDowell, planet4589.org/space/gcat), CC BY 4.0. Adapted into anniversary records.
O3b mPOWER 5/6 — launch
Category: Launches and Flight TestsType: Orbital launch
Mission: O3b mPOWER 5/6
Falcon 9 (FT5) launched on the O3b mPOWER 5/6 flight from Cape Canaveral Air Station, Florida, pad LC40. Launch vehicle success.
- Jonathan McDowell — General Catalog of Artificial Space Objects (opens in a new tab) — Data from GCAT (J. McDowell, planet4589.org/space/gcat), CC BY 4.0. Adapted into anniversary records.