Synopsis
The FCC proposes a new framework for licensing space stations engaged in in-space servicing, assembly, and manufacturing (ISAM). This will advance innovation in the space industry and open up economic opportunities.
The key proposals are:
Definition of ISAM Space Station
The FCC proposes defining an “ISAM space station” as one with the primary purpose of conducting ISAM activities in space or in transit. This includes servicing activities like inspection, repair, refueling, and debris removal; assembly of space systems from components; and manufacturing of components from raw materials.
Licensing Rules
ISAM operators can apply through existing FCC satellite licensing rules or streamlined small satellite rules, with some exemptions. This includes not needing to participate in processing rounds or queues. Applicants must show spectrum sharing is possible and won’t constrain future operators.
There will be a one-year grace period before needing to post a surety bond. Operators must disclose related FCC licenses and ITU filings for collaborating space stations. The FCC will review applications and debris mitigation plans case-by-case.
Spectrum Use
The FCC will authorize spectrum for ISAM on a case-by-case basis across existing satellite frequency allocations. ISAM requires various communications like telemetry and data downlinks. Spectrum sharing seems possible for many ISAM operations.
No specific bands are proposed at this time. Innovation may enable new forms of frequency use for ISAM in the future.
Orbital Debris
Existing FCC debris mitigation rules will apply. Some ISAM activities like refueling may pose additional debris risks and will get further review. Using active debris removal for post-mission disposal will be considered case-by-case.