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Radiation-Hardened and Radiation-Tolerant Chips: Pillars of the Space Economy

The expansion of human activities into space has seen a dramatic increase over the past few decades. From satellite-based communication systems to deep-space exploration missions, the role of technology in outer space has become more pervasive than ever. One of the significant challenges that electronic systems face in the space environment is radiation. Space radiation, primarily composed of protons, electrons, and high-energy ions, can adversely affect electronic components, leading to malfunctions or complete system failure. To mitigate these risks, the development and deployment of radiation-hardened and radiation-tolerant chips have become indispensable. These specialized semiconductor devices play an important role in ensuring the reliability and longevity of space missions, and by extension, contribute to the growing space economy.

Report: Space India 2.0: Commerce, Policy, Security, and Governance Perspectives (ORF 2017)

The report highlights the increasing commercialization and privatization of the Indian space sector.

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Report: Developing the Space Ecosystem in India: Focusing on Inclusive Growth (ISpA 2022)

The report highlights the growth and potential of the Indian space ecosystem. The document was developed by the Indian Space Association (ISpA) in collaboration with EY, and covers the outlook of the space economy in India and its potential to accelerate the socio-economic development of the country. It includes the global space economy and its growth drivers, as well as India’s entire lifecycle of the space economy, including manufacturing, ground and launch segment, startups, and end-user services. The report also provides regulatory landscape and inputs from industry to propel growth in the Indian space industry.

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What is Very Low Earth Orbit and its Relevance to the Space Economy?

Very Low Earth Orbit (VLEO) refers to the region of Earth’s orbit located at altitudes roughly ranging from 160 to 200 kilometers above the Earth’s surface. Orbits in this range are situated below Low Earth Orbit (LEO), which typically extends up to about 2,000 kilometers. VLEO is characterized by high atmospheric drag due to the remnants of Earth’s atmosphere at these altitudes. Satellites and other objects in VLEO must contend with significant resistance, which generally requires additional fuel for station-keeping maneuvers to maintain orbit.

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What is In-Situ Resource Utilization and its Relevance to the Space Economy?

In Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) refers to the practice of extracting and processing raw materials from an extraterrestrial environment, such as the Moon, Mars, or asteroids, to create usable products. The term “in situ” is Latin for “in place,” highlighting that these resources are used in the location where they are found, rather than being transported from Earth. The concept encompasses a range of activities, from mining minerals and extracting water from lunar or Martian soil, to producing fuel, air, and building materials for use in space missions or colonies.