In Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) refers to the practice of extracting and processing raw materials from an extraterrestrial environment, such as the Moon, Mars, or asteroids, to create usable products. The term “in situ” is Latin for “in place,” highlighting that these resources are used in the location where they are found, rather than being transported from Earth. The concept encompasses a range of activities, from mining minerals and extracting water from lunar or Martian soil, to producing fuel, air, and building materials for use in space missions or colonies.
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